Special tools and equipmentDTC “c28” (p1655): secondary throttle
valve actuator (stva) malfunction
Detected condition and possible cause
Detected condition
Possible cause
The operation voltage does not reach the stva.
Ecm does not receive communication signal from the
stva. Stva can not operate properly or its motor locked
Stva malfunction.
...
Specifications
Service data
Fi sensors
Tightening torque specifications
Reference: for the tightening torque of fastener not specified in this
section, refer to “tightening torque list” in section 0c . ...
Precautions
Precautions for exhaust system
To avoid
the risk of being burned, do not touch the exhaust system when the
system is hot. Any
service on the exhaust system should be performed when the system is
cool.
Caution
make sure that the exhaust pipes and muffler ...