Special tools and equipment
PrecautionsDTC “c28” (p1655): secondary throttle
valve actuator (stva) malfunction
Detected condition and possible cause
Detected condition
Possible cause
The operation voltage does not reach the stva.
Ecm does not receive communication signal from the
stva. Stva can not operate properly or its motor locked
Stva malfunction.
...
Service data
Valve + guide
unit: mm (in
Camshaft + cylinder head
unit: mm (in
Cylinder + piston + piston ring
unit: mm (in)
Conrod + crankshaft
unit: mm (in)
Balancer
unit: mm (in)
Throttle body
...
Specifications
Service data
Thermostat + radiator + fan + coolant
Tightening torque specifications
Note
the specified tightening torque is described in the following.
“Water hose routing diagram” “water pump components” “water
pump construction”
Reference: for the tig ...